{"product_id":"9783631932216","title":"The thetes of Athens : Dynamics and developments of the Athenian lower classes (seventh to fourth centuries BC) (2025. 628 S. 11 Abb. 210 mm)","description":"The aim of the book is the study of the Athenian lower classes between the 7th and 4th centuries BC, with an emphasis on the thetes. The book addresses the different aspects that are necessary to understand the meaning of the word thetes in relation to the social, economic, political and cultural position held by those designated with this name. The main aim of this book is to study the Athenian lower classes between the seventh and fourth centuries BC, with the emphasis on the thetes. The word thes had a double meaning in ancient Athens: a day labourer and\/or wage earner (generally a pauper without land) and a member of the Solonian census class. Based on this scheme, the intention here is to examine the ways in which both meanings overlapped throughout that historical period. Within the framework of this evolution, the book addresses the different aspects that are necessary for understanding the meaning of the word thetes in relation to the social, economic, political and cultural status of those who were called as such. This involves identifying the different situations in which the thetes found themselves in ancient Athens over time. All these issues are addressed in this book diachronically, thus offering a comprehensive overview of the historical evolution of the Athenian lower classes. \u003cp\u003eThe thetes of Athens \nDynamics and developments of the Athenian lower classes (seventh-fourth centuries BC)\nMiriam A. Valdés Guía\nUniversidad Complutense de Madrid\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e(Dedication of the book):\nTo Domingo Plácido, an excellent historian and good friend\nIn memory of my parents, Carmen and Pedro\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eTABLE OF CONTENTS\nList of Tables\nForeword\nAcknowledgements\nList of Abbreviations\nIntroduction\nPART I. Contextualising the thetes: seventh-century processes of degradation and enslavement\nChapter 1. A historiography of the thetes\nIntroduction\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eView of the thetes - 'hired labourers' - in social history since the mid-twentieth century\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe term thetes and democracy in historiography\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eConclusion\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eChapter 2. The thetes and hektemoroi before Solon \nThe Homeric and Hesiodic thes \nThetes and hektemoroi in pre-Solonian Athens and the degradation of the peasantry\nHektermoroi as sharecroppers\nTwo situations among the peasantry\nConclusion\nChapter 3. Atimoi and agogimoi: reflections on debt slavery in archaic Athens\nIntroduction\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSolon's Amnesty Law and the atimia penalty\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eBeing 'deprived of rights' in seventh-century Athens and the status of pre-Solonian thetes\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe meaning of agogimos in the pre-Solonian Athens and the Solonian restoration of atimoi\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eConclusion\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eChapter 4. Hybris in archaic Athens: the forms of exploitation and violence employed by the aristoi against the demos \nIntroduction\nEconomic exploitation\nPhysical violence\nIdeological constraint\nInstitutional violence: 'justice'\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eChapter 5. The cult of Zeus and the Attic peasantry: Dike and Zeus Eleutherios\nZeus, the giver of justice and agricultural prosperity\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eZeus Eleutherios\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003ePART II. The demos 'in the middle': integration and evolution of the lower classes in sixth-century Athens\nChapter 6. The social and cultural background of hoplite development in archaic Athens: Peasants, debts, zeugitai and Hoplethes\nIntroduction\nHesiod: independent farmer or member of the elite?\n th (Sol. Fr. 36 W -30 G-P-, lin. 5 and 7): demos, debt and zeugitai\nHoplites in the collective imagination: Hoplethes, the giants in the Panathenaic Games and Heracles\nConclusion\nChapter 7. A new reading of Solon's law on stasis: the sovereignty of the demos\nIntroduction\nThe meaning of the expression 'th mi ni pi '. Taking up arms on behalf of the demos, the democracy, the polis or the fatherland\nSolon and the assembly of the demos 'in the middle'\nSolon's law on stasis and the Eretrian law against tyranny (and oligarchy)\nA possible reconstruction of the Solonian formulation of the law\nConclusion\nChapter 8. The Attic demos in the sixth century: between agency (and political awareness) and clientelism\nIntroduction\nThe demos flocked en masse (pandemei) to the Acropolis and the Damasias episode\nThe social structure of seventh-century Athens\n'Vertical' and 'horizontal' stasis\nThe demos in the political sphere and the followers of Pisistratus\nThe interconnection between 'vertical' and 'horizontal' stasis: Diakrioi and Hyperakrioi\nThe demos and the religious\/cultural community of Attica under Pisistratus\nThe leading role and political agency of the demos after the tyranny\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eChapter 9. Census' classes, dekate and demography in 6th Century Athens\nQualifications for the Solonian census classes\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDekate\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDemography\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eConclusion\nPART III. The identity of the thetes and zeugitai in fifth-century democracy: political and military involvement\nChapter 10. Zeugitai in fifth-century Athens: social and economic qualification from Cleisthenes to the end of the Peloponnesian War\nIntroduction\nEvidence on zeugitai in fifth century and the scholarly debate on the use of the census classes in the military organization\nHoplites and zeugitai: numbers, wealth, and land ownership in fifth-century Athens\nCleisthenes' measures: monetary requirements for belonging to the zeugite census class and military reforms\nConclusion\nChapter 11. Thetes, Athenian empire and demography\nIntroduction\nThe thetes as a population segment \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eColonies and cleruchies\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eBenefits of the misthos and full employment\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eConclusion\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eChapter 12. Thetes epibatai in fifth-century Athens\nIntroduction\nThe Epibatai as hoplites with high socioeconomic status\nThetes epibatai\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eA note on the census classes and their role in fifth-century recruitment\nThetes demography\nPossible allusions to thetes epibatai in the sources\nConclusion\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eChapter 13. Socrates, as poor as a thes\nIntroduction\nSocrates' poverty\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSocrates, the sculptor (lithourgos)\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSocrates: a thes or a zeugites?\nConclusion\nChapter 14. The 'Five Thousand' and the demos in the oligarchic coup of 411: eisphora and reform of the census classes \nIntroduction\nThe 'Five Thousand' in the regime of the Four Hundred and the eisphora levy during the Peloponnesian War\nThe 'Five Thousand' in the government of the Five Thousand\nConclusion\nPART IV. The drift of the lower classes in the fourth century: towards the revival of dependencies \nChapter 15. The resurgence of dependency in the fourth century: the spaces of thetes and misthotoi, parasitoi and beggars\nIntroduction\nThe resurgence of rural wage labour and the leasing of land to the poor\nSalaried work in the asty\nPtocheia\nBenefits of citizenship, euergesia and parasitism\nConclusion\nChapter 16. Debt as a source of dependency and exploitation in classical Athens\nIntroduction\nPublic debtors\nPrivate debtors\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCharis\nConclusion\nChapter 17. Some brief notes on demographics, the eisphora and the diapsephismos in fourth-century Athens\nDemographics\nThe Eisphora\nThe Diapsephismos of 346\nConclusion\nConclusions\nTables\nBibliography\nList of Index terms\u003c\/p\u003e Miriam A. Valdés Guía is Professor in the Department of Prehistory, Ancient History and Archaeology at the Complutense University of Madrid. She has been coordinator of the master's in history and sciences of Antiquity and the PhD in Ancient World Studies at the same university and is currently directing the consolidated Research Group on Ancient Greek History of the department.","brand":"Peter Lang","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48865727578347,"sku":"00000_00000_00000_00000","price":129.92,"currency_code":"SGD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0758\/4484\/5803\/files\/9783631932216-1.jpg?v=1781724125","url":"https:\/\/kinokuniya.com.sg\/ja\/products\/9783631932216","provider":"Books Kinokuniya Singapore","version":"1.0","type":"link"}