{"product_id":"9781503636804","title":"Trading Beyond Understanding : Machine Learning, Risk, and Markets (Currencies: New Thinking for Financial Times)","description":"\u003cp\u003eMachine learning is fundamentally transforming financial markets. Where trading strategies were once crafted by human experts—executed manually or through pre-coded rules—firms now build models that generate the strategies themselves. These are not just tools but trading automatons: semi-independent systems designed to learn from markets and act on their own. Drawing on over a decade of fieldwork in financial markets, Christian Borch offers a rare inside look at how these systems are built, the risks they pose, and how they challenge our understanding of markets and decision-making. As trading automatons grow more complex and opaque—even to their designers—new sociological questions emerge: What happens when machines become the primary agents in markets? And how should we understand economic action when human judgment is no longer at the center? Trading Beyond Understanding is a powerful investigation of machine agency, market transformation, and the shifting boundaries between technological systems and social life.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Stanford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48871567491307,"sku":"00000_00000_00000_00000","price":219.74,"currency_code":"SGD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0758\/4484\/5803\/files\/9781503636804-1.jpg?v=1781685128","url":"https:\/\/kinokuniya.com.sg\/products\/9781503636804","provider":"Books Kinokuniya Singapore","version":"1.0","type":"link"}