One of the most influential scientists of the 20th century, Stephen Jay Gould was respected both for his work in paleontology and evolutionary biology and for his ability to make scientific ideas and research come alive for the general public. In this meaty book, York (sociology, U. of Oregon) and Clark (sociology, North Carolina State U.) explore Gould's key scientific and philosophical contributions, especially his insistence on the importance of contingency and the uneven process of change (evolutionary and otherwise). The authors also show how Gould regarded critiques of science as an essential part of the scientific enterprise, and how Gould's work (and his own critiques of others' work) helped open up new intellectual areas for scientific inquiry. Although aimed at scientific professionals, this book will be of interest to many general readers. Annotation 2011 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)