This book explores contemporary textile fibers and their impact on the future of the fashion industry. Beginning with a historical perspective on both natural and synthetic fibers, it highlights the environmental challenges associated with these materials. The discussion then progresses to the evolution of first-generation regenerated fibers, such as cellulosic fibers, followed by an in-depth analysis of their environmental implications. The book further examines second-generation regenerated fibers and concludes with insights from academic experts, industry leaders, and fashion sector professionals.