This volume explores key challenges in teaching and learning Calculus, featuring innovative approaches from leading international researchers. It follows Springer's 2016 book Teaching and Learning of Calculus, which examined diverse educational systems. Since then, nearly a decade has passed, and the 2020 pandemic introduced new challenges online learning, evolving assessment methods, and increased use of technology. These shifts highlight the need for an updated perspective that reflects recent advances in educational research and technology. This volume addresses that need, offering current insights into post-pandemic Calculus education. It includes contributions from global authors on pressing topics in the field, making it a valuable resource for both Calculus educators and mathematics education researchers.