This book offers an innovative and distinctive approach to the topic of the origins of the English novel, situating it in a more inclusive and comprehensive context, thus favoring the exchanges between English and non-English sources, and paying special attention to the role played by translation in this process. This study proposes a unique threefold perspective on these transnational encounters which explains the multi-national and hybrid nature of English fiction in the early modern period: translation, the use of oriental traces, sources and motives, and the liaisons between Spanish and English authors / texts which become part of the pan-European narrative tradition.