This book, together with the next two volumes to follow, offers the scientific community the works and thoughts of Santiago Ramón y Cajal. The text is a faithful rendition of the original Spanish version, with additional facts taken from the French translation. Both of these are currently quoted an average of 200 times a year in the scientific literature. This collection will represent the "definitive Cajal" for scientists and scholars interested in the original thoughts of probably the most prominent neuroscientist of all time. General concept of the nervous system.- Review of research methods and resulting discoveries.- Components of the nervous tissue.- Morphology of nerve cells (Continuation).- Physiologic inferences from the morphology and connectivity of neurons.- Structure of the nerve cell; Physiologic inferences based on the cell structure.- Continuation of the physiologic interpretation of neuronal structure.- Neuroglia.- Nerve fibers.- Neural centers; Spinal cord.- Structure of the white matter of the spinal cord.- Structure of gray matter.- Commissural and funicular cells.- Distribution of funicular cells in various regions of the gray matter.- Sensory neurons, i.e. neurons with somata outside the spinal cord sending axons to the cord.- Endings of peripheral processes of spinal ganglion cells.- Central processes of sensory neurons.- Neuroglia of the gray matter of the spinal cord.- Physiologic inferences based on a new structural concept of the spinal cord; Reflex movements.- Comparative histology of the spinal cord.- Histogenesis of the spinal cord and spinal ganglia.