§16§This volume contains the edited lectures of the fourth Mittelwihr school on 'Magnetismand Synchrotron Radiation'. This series of events introduces graduate students andnonspecialists from related disciplines to the field of magnetism and magnetic materialswith emphasis on synchrotron radiation as an experimental tool of investigation. These lecture notes present in particular the state of the art regarding the analysis of magnetic properties of new materials. §16§ magnets, and material for spin-electronics). We would like to express our thanks to the teachers who agreed to a- mate this school, and took on the di?cult job of writing the lectures. We also acknowledge the kind hospitality of the Centre de Mittelwihr and the C- munaut e des Communes de Ribeauvill e. §04§to Magnetism.- X-ray and Electron Spectroscopies: An Introduction.- Synchrotron Radiation.- X-ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism: Historical Perspective and Recent Highlights.- Spin-Polarized Photoemission.- Band-Structure Theory of Dichroism.- Hitchhiker's Guide to Multiplet Calculations.- Resonant X-ray Scattering: A Theoretical Introduction.- High Angle Magnetic X-ray Diffraction.- Magnetic Imaging.- Dynamic Aspects of Magnetism.- Molecular Magnetism.- Magnetism under Pressure with Synchrotron Radiation.- X-ray Spectroscopy and Magnetism in Mineralogy.- Materials for Spintronics.