This book explores perceptions of toleration and self-identity through an analysis of otherness'' real experience of Italian travellers, Catholic missionaries and Maltese proto-journalists within Mediterranean border-spaces. Employing a multidisciplinary approach, which integrates the analysis of original and unpublished archival documentation with early modern European travel literature, the book shows how fluid subjects and border-groups adapted to new environments, often generating information that made the Ottomans and their system of values real and dignified to an Italian audience.